The purpose of the country brief is to determine to which extent USAID’s programs to improve land markets and property rights have contributed to secure tenure and lower transactions costs in developing countries and countries in transition, thereby helping to achieve economic growth and sustainable development. Section One is the general introduction for this report. Section Two presents a brief background description of the country, its history, its economy, its agriculture and a summary of Niger’s land tenure background. The third section presents the evidence of land markets in Niger and contribution of USAID through the Rural Code by supporting LTC technical assistance to the process. The fourth section summarizes the interventions on property rights and land markets; and the fifth section assesses interventions on property rights and land market development. The last section presents the conclusions and recommendations.