The historical and immediate causes of displacement are covered here. Also discussed – perhaps more importantly – are the ways in which displaced people experience those causes and their effects: the loss of livelihood and community, of stability and security. The possibilities for return, also covered here, are heavily constrained by the immediate forces that caused the displacements, as well as by longer-term and more deep-rooted political and historical factors. The widespread and brutal sexual violence found amidst the general violence in DRC is particularly shocking, eliciting outrage as well as attempts to find ways to curb it and to protect girls and women, and boys and men, from it.