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The massive earthquake that struck northern parts of Pakistan and India on 8 October 2005 led to
the loss of more than 75 000 lives, severely injured approximately 100 000 and left 2.8 million
without shelter.The new UN Cluster approach was tested out in Pakistan, assigning responsibilities as Cluster
Heads to agencies with technical expertise, with OCHA holding an overall coordination
responsibility. Two agencies assumed responsibility for three clusters: UNICEF led education,
protection and water/sanitation clusters and WFP led nutrition, IT/communications and logistics
clusters. The remaining clusters were distributed between IOM for shelter, UNDP for early recovery, UNHCR for camp management, and WHO for health.