The increasing debate on urban reconstruction alonJ with a number of recent publications on urban vulnerability highights the importance of improving the understanding within humanitarian organisations in responding to urban disasters. The handbook is focused on the reconstruction phase_x005F_x000F_ in particular on permanent housing_x005F_x000F_ not on transitional shelter. It also incorporates risk-reduction measures within reconstruction methodology in order to prepare for any future disaster. The handbook concentrates _x005F_x000F_primarily_x005F_x000F_ on the transfer of emergency shelter to more permanent housing solutions following a disaster. It gives specific direction in how to overcome the challenges of reconstruction by ensuring that safe and sustainable approaches are taken within urban areas.