This is derived from NGO reports, discussions with international agency staff in Kosovo in early November 1999, and a variety of publicly available reports. Tensions between Albanian Kosovars and Serbs are longstanding. Ethnic Albanians first came under Serb dominance then, following the defeat of Serb-led forces by Turks at the battle of Kosovo Polje in 1389 (in the plains close to Pristina) under Turkish rule. This event has been turned into a cornerstone of Serb nationalism.